Salivary Gland Cancer

Overview and Facts about Salivary Gland Cancer

Salivary gland cancer is a rare cancer that forms in the tissues of the salivary glands. It is considered an ear, nose, and throat (ENT) cancer.

There are three major salivary glands located in three distinct locations. These include:

• Parotid glands, which are located in front of and just below the ears. This is where the majority of salivary gland cases begin.
• Sublingual glands, which are located below the tongue on the floor of the mouth.
• Submandibular glands, which are found under the jawbone.

Symptoms and Signs of Salivary Gland Cancer

The signs and symptoms of salivary gland cancer can include:

• A lump, not always painful, in the ear, cheek, jaw, lip or inside of the mouth
• Weakness or numbness in the face
• Difficulty swallowing or opening your mouth wide
• Pain in the face that doesn’t go away

Tests and Diagnosis of Salivary Gland Cancer

An otolaryngology specialist is best suited to diagnose this cancer. After performing a physical exam and reviewing your medical history, the doctor will order tests to confirm a diagnosis. These tests can include:

• Imaging tests, such an X-ray or CT scan, to get a view of any tumors that may be near your salivary glands.
• A biopsy, which is a tissue sample. This helps confirm that you have cancer.

These will confirm whether or not you have salivary cancer, and also determine how far it has progressed.

Causes and Risk Factors of Salivary Gland Cancer

The causes and risk factors for salivary gland cancer include:

• Being older or being male
• Exposure to radiation
• Family history of the disease
• Use of tobacco or alcohol
• A poor diet without sufficient nutrition

Treatment and Care for Salivary Gland Cancer

The most appropriate treatment option will depend on the stage of your cancer. Surgery is usually the main treatment for salivary gland cancers. Your cancer will likely be treated with surgery if the ENT doctor believes that he or she can remove it completely.

Chemotherapy and radiation are other options. If the cancer has already spread or removing the tumor will not be sufficient, chemotherapy and radiation treatments may be used to kill off cancer cells throughout the body over time.