Overview and Facts about Nasopharyngeal Cancer
Nasopharyngeal cancer is a cancer that forms in the tissues of the nasopharynx, which is the top area of the throat behind the nose.
The disease is considered rare, with just less than one in every 100,000 people in the United States receiving this diagnosis. It is more common in many countries across Asia.
Signs and Symptoms of Nasopharyngeal Cancer
The signs and symptoms of nasopharyngeal cancer may include:
-
A lump in the neck
-
Decreased hearing in one or both ears
-
Recurring ear infections
-
Sore throat
-
Stuffy nose
-
Ringing in the ears
Causes and Risk Factors of Nasopharyngeal Cancer
Doctors are not completely sure what causes nasopharyngeal cancer, although there seems to be a strong association with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). EBV is common, but not everyone who gets EBV will ultimately develop cancer.
Doctors also believe there’s a genetic component in nasopharyngeal cancer. Your risk for this cancer may also increase if you eat a lot of salt-cured meat and fish, or if you consume high amounts of tobacco or alcohol.
Tests and Diagnosis of Nasopharyngeal Cancer
An otolaryngology specialist, or ear, nose, and throat (ENT) doctor, will discuss your symptoms, medical history, and family history and perform a physical exam to confirm a diagnosis.
A biopsy might be taken from the lump for cancer cell testing, and imaging tests can be used to determine if the cancer has spread. These tests include the following:
Imaging tests help doctors determine what stage the cancer is, which influences treatment decisions.
Treatment and Care for Nasopharyngeal Cancer
Treatment planning for each person depends on a number of factors, including the exact location of the tumor, the stage of the cancer and the person’s age and general health.
Treatment for nasopharyngeal cancer can include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy or a combination of treatments.
The goal of treatment is to remove the cancerous tissue from the body and prevent it from returning.
